{"id":11465,"date":"2026-02-11T07:01:46","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T07:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/?p=11465"},"modified":"2026-09-16T07:04:40","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T07:04:40","slug":"%d9%85%d9%83%d8%ab%d9%81-%d8%a3%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%8c-%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%84-%d9%87%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%82%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/blog\/acrylic-thickener-gel-lumps-local-ph-electrolytes-mixing-errors\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643: \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 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\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-cfd68c74\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f: \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9fd463cd\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-eb93ab14\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-916c4d2e\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9393a64a\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 ASE\/HASE \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c77209f6\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1b3bf224\"><strong>\u062a\u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u2192 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u2192 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u2192 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-be2f672d\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bf82b78b\">\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a5253dc5\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e77a80d0\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-bf4b901d\">1. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8ae7a183\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f8c07532\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0633\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f5100f68\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0630\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-acc7bc7a\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a3c9faaf\"><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b3bb8338\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e6c77758\">2. \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-dddb803c\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cbeafda7\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-81b26c98\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (NaOH) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (NaOH) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (NaOH) \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-673abf4c\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ca9df7a8\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e477ce1f\">3. \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-794c59c3\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-40635031\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-17e32623\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3ea2613b\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b88cc3f0\">\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (RPM) \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a2307da6\">4. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4b095e0d\">\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1e850905\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fa245f91\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-be882ae5\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-61e639d8\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fa2eb48e\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aaf4824b\"><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-cbb39094\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6278552b\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4275ef5c\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7d3f10c7\">\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6eae6f4b\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \/ \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u2191 \u2192 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u2191 \u2192 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u2192 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b082b60b\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-383d2630\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ef483023\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-2b5b4f9d\">6. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-60a89102\">\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6036b1d5\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-047a3211\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-29bab4be\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-712df9fc\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ca478ccc\">\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f423ac6c\">7. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-171e09e0\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u062e\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c885fd7a\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0c84cd3b\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b3a13ac7\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 + \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b93cd1e7\">\u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a68e5908\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u062e\u0646 + \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-654a0dd6\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4fb90533\">8. \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-19016f34\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-cd76c76c\">9. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-57f0dc77\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-689c82b1\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f08f3273\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-696a40c0\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644 \/ \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5eab7517\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-aee6c4f0\">10. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4fa0d474\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062e \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8e6744a6\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (pH) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7a9e86c9\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0642\u062f \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a6cbd48b\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4b37545b\">11. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-359060c2\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fc19733f\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0623 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fdfd0c62\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9af403f2\"><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u2192 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u2192 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u2192 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u2192 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-719c434b\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-76e8339f\">12. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9f13e7e1\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0d8fda10\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u062c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2642f4a5\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u00ab\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9b783097\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a2050fe4\">13. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cb5be383\">\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-818d63bf\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c9832d86\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-46264118\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-ef65b00b\">ASE \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 HASE: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a14f247a\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 ASE \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a602026f\">\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c HASE \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-16d7a69a\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 HASE \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e40744bd\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 ASE \u0648\u0644\u0627 HASE \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-900b72c0\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e68292fe\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u00bb \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062c\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \/ \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/td><td>\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td><td>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \/ \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/td><td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \/ \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\/\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td><td>\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a + \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u201c\u0643\u062a\u0644\u201d \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u201d<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633<\/td><td>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b61e2243\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-befc0892\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5d8e97a4\">\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5dba5f5f\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6cff3c1b\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-556e80e3\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ba83d7ee\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-47cd50fd\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f017460e\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623:<\/strong> \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u062e\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628:<\/strong> \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 + \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062c:<\/strong> \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u062e\u0646 + \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8808f14b\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0644 B \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 C \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bd83c3e5\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-07f3b29d\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/th><th>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 + \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u062e\u0646\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/td><td>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/td><td>\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u061f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/td><td>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646\u061f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/td><td>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u061f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0642\u062f<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td><td>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u061f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-31725e48\">\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-cbfbb4df\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7a7dc9d6\">\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d1547383\">\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c4b23fe7\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0641\u064e\u0638\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1a7caef0\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-07a0d62e\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-57bd7150\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f8db1b41\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637 \/ \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-33d89806\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1002ce8c\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-38842e19\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-37152a4c\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f9ac7480\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644 \/ \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-669d188c\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-27424b41\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f8aa6ce0\">\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-34da9256\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 + \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 + \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a4219d5d\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1d90057b\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-9e376501\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\/\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fe7e72cc\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c0dd51cd\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e26bbe27\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3bc7d4d1\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-c04e271d\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-197779a3\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-c667940a\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6dd26b72\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f2623239\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0633\u0639\u0629 500 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7488dba0\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-80c89e45\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-730b458c\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a \u2260 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fd02b569\">\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (RPM) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-95f42786\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2baf88bc\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (SOP) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \/ \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fdd5ba16\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c701c564\"><strong>\u201c\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0981ba74\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5e247849\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-56c34831\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2891efa6\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-91bc8716\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d491ef21\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-439f45f0\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-92a83995\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d561aa30\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \/ \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \/ \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1725a9d7\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-bae151a2\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-c8f46f0a\">1. \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0457e3f7\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a8d4b791\">2. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e70d85ae\">\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-583daf42\">3. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1d69a743\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5d121517\">4. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cb58a01e\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5425ba89\">5. \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-380219e2\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-1b562221\">6. \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4dc85359\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-1aab39c4\">7. \u0646\u0642\u0644 RPM \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6d15b4c0\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-34dbc5e2\">8. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c8a4c630\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8d48b1e6\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/th><th>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062c\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td><td>\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0640pH \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td><td>Binder chemistry, electrolytes, surfactants, pH<\/td><td>Binder water dilution is the only effect<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stringy floc appears after fixer<\/td><td>Cationic\/anionic interaction, dilution, addition order<\/td><td>More mixing will always solve it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Paste stable in DI water but gels in plant water<\/td><td>Ca\/Mg, hardness, conductivity<\/td><td>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lab batch is smooth but production has lumps<\/td><td>Scale-up mixing, feed point, addition time<\/td><td>The formula itself is wrong<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Viscosity normal but filter residue high<\/td><td>Small gel \/ floc particles<\/td><td>Viscosity pass means production pass<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Apparent lumps disappear after deaeration<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633<\/td><td>The paste contains polymer gel<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-bf433abb\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-94753adf\">Gel and lumps create cost through:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rejected paste<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extra mixing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quality rejects<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9ecf19d7\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-db45431d\"><strong>Total Cost in Use = Thickener + Neutralizer \/ Auxiliary Control + Mixing + Filtration + Machine Downtime + Rework + Quality Loss<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ee4462ee\">A better preparation method can be more valuable than a cheaper thickener if it prevents repeated gel formation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-250e71c6\">Likewise, a more formulation-tolerant synthetic thickener can justify a higher purchase price if it reduces correction and downtime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bfb2d87c\">Compare the complete process cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-68088556\">What Information Should You Send to a Supplier?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2aff6475\">For useful gel \/ lump troubleshooting, provide:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \/ TDS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neutralizer type \/ concentration \/ dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ingredient addition sequence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pigment and dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Binder grade \/ dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fixer \/ ionic auxiliaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Water hardness \/ conductivity if available<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mixing equipment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exact stage where gel first appears<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Photo of the gel \/ lump if available<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2e618370\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 FSX Chemical \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/a> to structure a controlled troubleshooting trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-61d7e7c3\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/product\/synthetic-printing\/\">Synthetic Printing Thickeners<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a9\/textile-printing-thickener-testing-parameters\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/uz\/blog\/pigment-binder-acrylic-thickener-compatibility-viscosity-paste-stability\/\">Pigment Binder and Acrylic Thickener Compatibility<\/a> for related process logic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7fe84db6\">How Should a Mill Troubleshoot Acrylic Thickener Gel and Lumps?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e8d60e0b\">A practical control chain is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-152ae949\"><strong>Identify First Failure Stage \u2192 Classify Appearance \u2192 Record Local \/ Final pH \u2192 Check Mixing Path \u2192 Run Dilution Control \u2192 Run Electrolyte \/ Fixer Control \u2192 Filter \u2192 Hold \u2192 Reproduce at Lab Scale \u2192 Correct Addition Method \u2192 Confirm in Production<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-08fc0c42\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gel, floc, lumps and entrained-air defects can look similar but have different causes.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Correct final pH does not prove that neutralization was uniform.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Concentrated neutralizer can create local over-swelling before the bulk pH changes significantly.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electrolytes, hard-water ions and cationic components can create a different type of gel or flocculation problem.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Poor mixing and scale-up dead zones can create lumps even when the laboratory formula is stable.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The approved solution should prevent gel formation at the process level rather than rely on stronger shear or repeated filtration after the defect has already formed.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f8658e2e\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-13e06628\">1. Why does acrylic thickener form gel after adding alkali?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6da83f35\">Concentrated neutralizer can create local high pH and rapid polymer swelling before the thickener is distributed uniformly through the batch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-1fef32bc\">2. Why do lumps form before neutralization?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2aeb3539\">Possible causes include poor dispersion, rapid thickener addition, insufficient mixing or dead zones in the tank.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-970dc8d3\">3. Can electrolytes create gel or lumps?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1f2912fd\">Yes. High local ionic strength can change polyacrylate conformation and colloidal stability, and strongly cationic components can form polymer complexes with anionic thickeners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-28f7a144\">4. Why does gel appear only after binder is added?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2604ee29\">Binder introduces surfactants, electrolytes, polymer particles and pH effects. Run a water-dilution control to separate simple dilution from chemical incompatibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-41bfbf37\">5. Why does cationic fixer create stringy floc?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5db284d5\">Opposite-charge interaction between cationic fixer and anionic acrylic thickener can create polymer-rich complexes, especially at high local concentration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f22db63e\">6. Can hard water cause acrylic-thickener lumps?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-734de2ce\">It can contribute through calcium and magnesium interactions, especially in electrolyte-sensitive or pigment-dispersion systems. Compare plant water with low-hardness reference water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d58b3131\">7. Should I use stronger mixing to break the gel?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a497490b\">Not as the first solution. True ionic complexes or over-swollen gel particles may not be repaired by higher shear. Fix the local chemistry or addition method first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f876cc15\">8. How can I tell whether a lump is really polymer gel?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-82e33d00\">Use visual classification, controlled dilution, filtration residue and deaeration. Record when the defect first appears in the addition sequence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4613b29e\">9. Why is the lab paste smooth but the production batch has lumps?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6bce56b5\">Large tanks have different feed times, circulation paths, dead zones and local concentration gradients. Scale the mixing objective rather than copying laboratory RPM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0ea5ec57\">10. Does final pH prove the neutralization step was correct?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-055a4b0c\">No. Local pH can be much higher near the neutralizer feed point even when the final average pH is correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4a090263\">11. What should be included in production QC after the problem is fixed?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c7826ac6\">Check appearance, pH, viscosity, filtration residue, holding stability and screen-running behavior using the approved preparation SOP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-9d4d6aa2\">12. What should I send FSX Chemical for gel troubleshooting?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a9259f3f\">Send the thickener\/TDS, dosage, neutralizer details, full addition sequence, pH, pigment, binder, fixer, water quality, mixing equipment, batch size and a photo showing when and how the gel appears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-389f3348\">Find the Cause of Acrylic Thickener Gel Before Changing the Formula<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8bf003b8\">If your pigment paste develops soft gel, stringy lumps, sediment or filter residue after neutralization, binder, pigment or fixer addition, FSX Chemical can help structure a controlled stage-by-stage troubleshooting trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c5e24a2d\">For a useful technical review, send:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Your current synthetic thickener sample, TDS or COA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neutralizer type, concentration and addition method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Complete ingredient addition sequence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Final pH and viscosity test method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pigment \/ binder \/ fixer system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Water hardness \/ conductivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Batch size and mixing equipment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The exact addition stage where gel first appears<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Photo or video of the gel \/ lumps if available<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cc553066\">\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/a> for a controlled current-vs-candidate evaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a97e854a\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/product\/synthetic-printing\/\">Synthetic Printing Thickeners<\/a> for the current FSX pigment-printing thickener range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7324356b\">You can also <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\">\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639<\/a> after the suitable grade and preparation method are confirmed or <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7\/\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 FSX Chemical<\/a> <\/strong>for technical discussion\ud83d\udce7\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7\/\">: Service@fsxchemical.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-df5d85a1\"><strong>The most reliable solution to gel and lumps is not stronger mixing after the defect appears. It is controlling local pH, ionic concentration, addition sequence and mixing so the thickener never experiences the extreme local conditions that created the defect in the first place.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Acrylic-thickener lumps can come from local over-swelling, poor dispersion, electrolyte shock or ionic incompatibility. Correct troubleshooting starts by identifying the exact addition stage where the defect first appears.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"How to Troubleshoot Acrylic Thickener Gel Formation and Lumps: Local pH, Electrolytes and Mixing Errors","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn why acrylic thickener forms gel or lumps and how local pH, neutralizer addition, electrolytes, cationic fixers and mixing errors affect pigment paste stability.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1528,1586,1583,1584,1585,1531,1129,1288],"class_list":["post-11465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-guides","tag-acrylic-thickener","tag-electrolytes","tag-gel-formation","tag-lumps","tag-mixing","tag-ph","tag-pigment-printing","tag-synthetic-thickener"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11465"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11468,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11465\/revisions\/11468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}