{"id":11481,"date":"2026-02-09T07:56:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T07:56:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/?p=11481"},"modified":"2026-09-16T07:59:14","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T07:59:14","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%ab%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8f%d9%81%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%8c-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/blog\/synthetic-thickener-batch-consistency-qc-printing-performance\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 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\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 2: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 3: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aaffe57f\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e0946a53\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 1 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-47e33f3f\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 2 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-77ed8388\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3ddd6b07\">\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-75e9f74f\">\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d4d020e9\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 (COA) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-19fcec15\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u064a\u0639 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bd5102c4\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-71994661\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7e2653cc\">2. \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629: \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6632b7fe\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5ab9c743\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d6fad0ec\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 = \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u00d7 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f8480706\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8b913622\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 HASE\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3e9fec00\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2fae3f21\">\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-9d1e5f00\">3. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4968f310\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c796bb0a\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-73011b3f\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d4c7e64d\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0647\u0648:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-878eb9b0\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-be310790\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (pH) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-dbf68708\">4. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c844b7bb\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a HASE \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a6422da5\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0c1769c1\">\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cc6ff82b\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u00bb \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-db6063fa\">5. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fd560e96\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-377b83c4\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-75c9403c\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0da8cef7\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-15d50db2\">6. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637: \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u062e\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-31cb0b55\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a ASE\/HASE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e1a70f5e\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e68b75b6\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b9b038e7\">\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6ca28bff\">\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-161a0f17\">7. \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d0c42671\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-46b6fdb4\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0640:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-72186a8a\">\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a66b5249\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-642d3b56\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a (pH) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-be88f170\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fcf17152\">\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4f6a9c7f\">8. \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0297de4b\">\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-54cb0a7f\"><strong>\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \/ \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u2192 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u2192 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fb44a325\">\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u062e\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d6f432fa\">\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-38c741d9\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6b64e785\">\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-10ae6d96\">\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8d69e811\">9. \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c429e6f4\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e2545a5f\">\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0bf19467\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-65dffff9\"><strong>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-793313b6\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-648e2a1b\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-fe27c9c1\">10. \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bc32e422\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e3bcf5e7\">\u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d4795e5b\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9d319cf7\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 (%) = \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u00f7 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u00d7 100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b5a9433c\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0640:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-49699418\">\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-337e2c67\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7911283f\">11. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3942cb71\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-87faa875\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 HASE \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-330ee626\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 + \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 + \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6d0b27c6\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644 \/ \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0fbf6c2c\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4d8c4e7f\">12. \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-de2e9250\">\u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-51f0f1c6\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f457d464\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0635\u0628\u063a\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0d5c4678\">\u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3ae99595\">13. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8c150346\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5677b880\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d223027e\"><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0621 + \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u062e\u0646\u0629 + \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 + \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 + \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3522264a\">\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ccccec7f\">\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a12a2d1d\">\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-210cc565\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u00abCOA\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-01cf1a1b\">14. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \/ \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c261dc66\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f\u00bb \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-83aa420b\">\u062a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8c9ffc2f\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-95bcd670\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6168fb52\">\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8bd99cc0\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-028db550\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3b3a57b3\">15. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cb7383b2\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7b7699cb\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-dca37280\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6145657c\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ad8392bd\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d0a2f088\">16. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \/ \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2f20ae19\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u062a \u00ab\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c01b516d\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-546c2bf0\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3ef7028c\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f6a4fe98\">\u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a7e6fe5b\">17. \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-72c09df8\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-03ed2f6b\">\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0644 \/ \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6572debb\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-83693342\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4cba6879\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6cded23e\">18. \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4465f332\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-41ec5745\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \/ \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2fe96680\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-baf669cb\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-66184c55\">19. \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \/ \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-76c48c7b\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e5d302bb\">\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-92924ffa\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-618e3abe\">\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2e94ec65\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a6eeffb9\">20. \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f4eae204\">\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-18f9209d\">\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2df6b13d\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-592c70a0\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-05f6b643\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1ade6610\">\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-22dd6dc1\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th><th>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/th><th>\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u2013 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/td><td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2013 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td><td>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td><td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a2dadb87\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2c95bea1\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0637\u062d\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-50b10615\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-113bfcce\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-462b0654\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \/ \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (COA)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-11331518\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2f80ee3e\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (COA) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-768d5a0e\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-104450ab\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-47a398c0\">\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4e288a2e\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-33293b71\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5e261b80\">\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0650\u0651\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-61a91cb5\">\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 (COA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b0933624\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9c790050\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bdb0a6c8\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d1a90ea4\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a68ff127\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-538e0132\">\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0dcf2749\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0644 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cb7840d7\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1df26bf5\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4f92e995\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1c792daa\">\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0d2cea1c\">\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7128b2c0\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-044b6ff5\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d027997b\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e037ab64\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c2de24c6\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-335415bf\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fdfd52ec\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-51fa3c59\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e3fddf95\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-da04b7a2\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (COA) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0098c332\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f (COA) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-714a1fe2\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e603fdca\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (TDS) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2090a3d9\">\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 (COA) \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-15d060b9\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-338c03fe\"><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-601da2aa\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (COA).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\/\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \/ \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-13d8ac47\">\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a9\/textile-printing-thickener-testing-parameters\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e82a0562\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4467c122\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-01b2c4c5\"><strong>\u201c\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-76bb883d\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-692c7ae7\">\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a30eb315\">\u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e1abdcf2\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-37a42286\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0643\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a9b29fec\">\u0645\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-62628ae5\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f74c37f1\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7cfdfdce\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-44b45473\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-990e64fd\">2. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bb8942be\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f7a59ff6\">3. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-33dab1e3\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-ba6304f0\">4. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-14753afc\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-90a3d8a9\">5. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-447cb0cf\">A reference-paste test can provide faster lot-to-lot control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a3be0fcd\">6. Changing the QC Method Between Batches<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9dad80f0\">Temperature, pH, spindle, speed and mixing differences can look like batch variation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-aca31242\">7. Using an Old Retained Sample Without Aging Control<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1249d50d\">The reference itself can change during storage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8c3294e0\">8. Setting Limits Without Method Repeatability Data<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-47e04b29\">An unrealistically tight specification creates false failures without improving production control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3de43513\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Observed Result<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/th><th>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>COA matches but printing differs<\/td><td>Activation, binder\/electrolyte compatibility, rheology, holding<\/td><td>Basic COA parameters predict all printing behavior<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Solids are lower and dosage is unchanged<\/td><td>Active polymer delivered, activation viscosity<\/td><td>Equal product kg gives equal active polymer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Water viscosity matches but complete paste is thin<\/td><td>Binder, pigment, electrolytes, pH<\/td><td>The batches are functionally equivalent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Single viscosity matches but screen release differs<\/td><td>Elasticity, stringing, recovery<\/td><td>Brookfield number defines screenability<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fresh reference paste matches but end-run drifts<\/td><td>Holding stability, shear, temperature<\/td><td>Fresh QC predicts full-shift behavior<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Incoming batch fails one test but retained sample also shifts<\/td><td>Method \/ temperature \/ reagent \/ reference aging<\/td><td>The new batch is automatically off-spec<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Different labs obtain different results<\/td><td>Water, pH, mixing, instrument, spindle, temperature<\/td><td>The product itself necessarily changed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Application printing passes despite lower activated viscosity<\/td><td>Actual rheology and print window<\/td><td>The old viscosity number must always be restored<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-9c5a210b\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9b5dfb45\">Good batch-consistency QC reduces hidden costs from:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Production corrections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extra thickener dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Off-shade fabric<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supplier disputes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c55b20ad\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-549061d0\"><strong>Total Cost in Use = Thickener + Incoming QC + Formula Corrections + Machine Efficiency + Rework + Quality Loss<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5fe22ad8\">The cheapest QC program is not the program with the fewest tests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a4709ddb\">It is the program that uses inexpensive predictive tests to prevent expensive machine failures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1373d847\">A standardized reference-paste challenge can therefore have high value even if the supplier already provides a COA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-1278f1c0\">What Information Should You Send to a Supplier?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-93631f7c\">For useful batch-consistency troubleshooting, provide:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Current synthetic thickener grade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supplier batch numbers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>COAs for approved and suspect batches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Appearance \/ solids \/ pH data<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Activation test method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Activated viscosity results<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Complete reference-paste formula<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Binder \/ pigment \/ fixer identities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electrolyte or hard-water data if relevant<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Holding-time results<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Screen-printing difference observed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Photos \/ production records where useful<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c5c6b281\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 FSX Chemical \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/a> to structure an approved-vs.-suspect batch comparison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f6466833\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/product\/synthetic-printing\/\">Synthetic Printing Thickeners<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/uz\/blog\/acrylic-liquid-thickener-pigment-printing-ph-neutralization-viscosity\/\">Acrylic Thickener pH and Neutralization Control<\/a> \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/uz\/blog\/pigment-binder-acrylic-thickener-compatibility-viscosity-paste-stability\/\">Pigment Binder and Acrylic Thickener Compatibility<\/a> for related qualification logic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f4ebdd2d\">How Should a Mill Build QC for Synthetic Thickener Batch Consistency?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ee76b5fd\">A practical control chain is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-24547b44\"><strong>Supplier COA \u2192 Appearance \/ Solids \/ pH \u2192 Standardized Activation Test \u2192 Reference-Paste Challenge \u2192 Trend Data \u2192 Periodic Electrolyte \/ Binder \/ Rheology Tests \u2192 Periodic Application Print \u2192 Change-Control Requalification<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-db3f0103\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Basic supply-form QC is necessary for manufacturing consistency but has limited ability to predict full printing performance.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Solids content is a critical basic parameter because it changes the amount of active polymer delivered at a fixed product dosage.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Controlled activation and complete reference-paste tests are stronger functional predictors than as-supplied viscosity.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electrolyte tolerance, binder compatibility, multi-speed rheology, recovery and holding stability help explain why two apparently similar batches can print differently.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A retained approved reference and stable test method are essential for meaningful lot-to-lot comparisons.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The best QC program combines fast incoming tests with periodic application verification and uses production data to define acceptance windows.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8ed850f6\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d7adf787\">1. Which QC parameter is most important for synthetic thickener batch consistency?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-664a117a\">No single parameter is sufficient. Solids is one of the most important basic manufacturing controls, while a standardized activation or complete reference-paste test is more predictive of actual thickening performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d7270e6a\">2. Is as-supplied viscosity a good predictor of printing viscosity?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8be05b86\">Usually not by itself. Many HASE products are supplied as low-viscosity acidic emulsions and only develop their working viscosity after neutralization and formulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-49af8b81\">3. Why should solids content be checked?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ac3c12ef\">Solids affects how much active polymer is delivered at a fixed product dosage and can therefore change thickening efficiency and Total Cost in Use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-16b7d23a\">4. Should every incoming batch be screen-printed before release?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-70ea76b2\">Not necessarily. A practical program can use basic QC plus a standardized activation\/reference-paste test for routine incoming control, with full application printing for qualification, periodic verification, change control or complaints.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-85369d9c\">5. Why can two batches have the same Brookfield viscosity but print differently?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1824286a\">They can differ in shear thinning, recovery, elasticity, electrolyte tolerance or binder compatibility\u2014properties that one viscosity point does not capture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6beec712\">6. What is the value of an electrolyte-tolerance test?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7c0de92b\">It shows whether the batch retains useful viscosity after ionic stress, which is closer to the real pigment\/binder\/fixer environment than clean-water viscosity alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-71c6eb02\">7. What is a good functional incoming test?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bdc195fe\">A standardized reference paste using fixed water, dosage, activation pH, pigment, binder, mixing, holding and viscosity method can provide strong lot-to-lot comparison value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-30e4cfd0\">8. Should incoming QC compare product weight or active solids?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-13106eca\">For routine use, follow the validated commercial method. For technical comparison, active-solids normalization can help separate concentration differences from polymer-efficiency differences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8fa9b331\">9. Why use a retained reference batch?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8fe3990a\">It allows the new batch and a proven batch to be tested side by side under the same laboratory conditions, reducing the influence of method and seasonal variation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e4715438\">10. How should QC limits be set?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-91c1d95a\">Use approved batch data, method repeatability and successful production performance. Do not use arbitrary universal limits that are unrelated to the mill\u2019s actual print window.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6205f445\">11. What should trigger a full requalification?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0225b13f\">Supplier or grade change, meaningful manufacturing changes, repeated drift, a new critical formulation or a persistent production complaint can justify expanded testing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6f1718e9\">12. What should I send FSX Chemical for a batch-consistency comparison?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a10cd8b0\">Send approved and suspect batch COAs, solids\/pH\/viscosity data, your activation method, reference-paste formula, binder\/pigment\/fixer details, holding results and the exact printing difference observed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5e723baf\">Build Synthetic Thickener QC Around Printing Performance, Not COA Numbers Alone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6179f537\">If two acrylic thickener batches have similar supplier COAs but behave differently in pigment paste or on the printing machine, FSX Chemical can help structure an approved-vs.-suspect batch comparison using controlled activation, compatibility and application tests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-07af5160\">For a useful technical review, send:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Approved and suspect thickener batch numbers \/ COAs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Appearance, solids and as-supplied pH data<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Your activation and viscosity test method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reference pigment \/ binder \/ fixer system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electrolyte or process-water data if relevant<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Holding-time results<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Screen-printing observations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Photos, retained samples or production records if available<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-69f9fc6d\">\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/a> for a controlled batch comparison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e85abff7\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/product\/synthetic-printing\/\">Synthetic Printing Thickeners<\/a> for the current FSX pigment-printing thickener range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-111c7595\">You can also <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a9\/%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\">\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639<\/a> after the suitable grade and QC working window are confirmed or <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7\/\"><strong>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 FSX Chemical<\/strong><\/a> for technical discussion\ud83d\udce7\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7\/\">: Service@fsxchemical.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e8f5fed6\"><strong>The QC parameters that best predict printing performance are the parameters that challenge the thickener under controlled conditions closest to the real printing paste. Basic COA values confirm batch identity; functional rheology, compatibility and reference-paste tests determine whether the batch is still commercially equivalent.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basic COA parameters confirm manufacturing consistency, but activation response, complete-paste viscosity retention, rheology, compatibility and holding stability provide stronger evidence of real pigment-printing performance.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"Synthetic Thickener Batch-to-Batch Consistency: Which QC Parameters Best Predict Printing Performance?","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn which synthetic thickener QC parameters best predict pigment-printing performance, from solids and pH to activation, rheology and complete-paste stability.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1528,1177,1519,1129,1173,1381,1305,1288],"class_list":["post-11481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-guides","tag-acrylic-thickener","tag-batch-consistency","tag-incoming-qc","tag-pigment-printing","tag-quality-control","tag-rheology","tag-supplier-qualification","tag-synthetic-thickener"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11481","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11481"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11484,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11481\/revisions\/11484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11481"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11481"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}