{"id":11460,"date":"2026-02-12T06:44:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T06:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/?p=11460"},"modified":"2026-09-16T06:46:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T06:46:12","slug":"%e1%83%94%e1%83%9a%e1%83%94%e1%83%a5%e1%83%a2%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9a%e1%83%98%e1%83%a2%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a0%e1%83%98-%e1%83%a2%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9a%e1%83%94%e1%83%a0%e1%83%90%e1%83%9c%e1%83%a2%e1%83%9d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/blog\/measure-electrolyte-tolerance-synthetic-thickener-pigment-printing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d5\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cbfe26df\"><em>\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da 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\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1. \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1: \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10d7, \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2-\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. pH, \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0, \u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e9\u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-cc4791ba\">\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a824abad\">\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 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wd-cd98b033\">\u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8148de34\"><strong>\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (%) = \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u00f7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u00d7 100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-45653fcf\">\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \/ \u10e8\u10de\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \/ \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-97008cca\">\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d05310d1\"><strong>\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8 \u2192 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u2192 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2-\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ffcce69a\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-9ebe7b21\">\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4bb6ced2\">\u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cc6dd91c\">\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d620ed5a\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c3b87052\">\u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9e55b7e7\">\u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-70cd51eb\">\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-454406a5\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6184ff71\">\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-61257fa1\">\u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0b47bee3\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d0\u10ed\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-77e591fc\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3fd78720\"><strong>\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u2192 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e2\u10d8 \u2192 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u2192 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u2192 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-68b80dfc\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d6\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a2038250\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7dc2a565\"><strong>\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8 \u2191 \u2192 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8 \u2191 \u2192 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u2192 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2a1b14bf\">\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, pH-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a796550b\">\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0a599003\"><strong>\u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u2260 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-860ed588\">ASE vs. HASE: \u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-671f430f\">ASE \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ef\u10d0\u10ed\u10d5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6eaaed45\">HASE-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10f0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2412473a\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 HASE-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10f0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e097a33a\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 HASE-\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b88e6080\">\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4c6afc86\"><strong>HASE \u2260 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-be0d5f99\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-070a06b2\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-77db4a5e\">\u10de\u10dd\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2-\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0-\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \/ \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bf96e7b0\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u201c\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u201d \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-0c53b6e8\">\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db, \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10de\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b9e69abd\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8ff44a3b\">\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f68fa141\"><strong>\u201c\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 2% \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10e1.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aea0e79b\">\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2% \u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e0\u10d0 pH?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10d0 \u10ee\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c5be624a\">\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u201c\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u201d \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aff4a2ea\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0b5684aa\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4<\/th><th>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0<\/th><th>\u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 + \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 + \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 + \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 Ca\/Mg \u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10ee\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-73df0b0c\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10ee\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6bee1b57\">\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 3-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-022320cf\">\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 1: \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5ab01e2d\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-165587d7\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-26dd8aec\">\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c22ec3c5\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-382c2327\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8817887e\">\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-74199c47\">\u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10da\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aedea10d\">\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e8a5ccc2\"><strong>NaCl-\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8 \u2260 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2-\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3fa430ce\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-10660421\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bff968c8\">\u10e0\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u2014 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-ab8b5dff\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9ae61da3\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d35bd080\">\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d6\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7001f55e\">\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10e9\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-57c1ce71\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d965eb7f\">\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7e02780c\">\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7583df7b\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2779974a\">\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6862ffb1\"><strong>0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 vs. \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-90a62309\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10da\u10e3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-14ef039d\">\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e3\u10dc\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e5\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8 \/ \u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 (\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2b5c0db9\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10df\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9593c353\"><strong>\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u2192 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c9cfe4e2\">\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10d2\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\/\u10d0\u10e0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-00312f42\">\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10dc\u10d4\u10da-\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-175a43e6\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-52e5d885\">\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cc8e4da2\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b53a22af\"><strong>\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (%) = V<sub>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/sub> \u00f7 V<sub>0<\/sub> \u00d7 100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1e5f16b3\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V<sub>0<\/sub><\/strong> = \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V<sub>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/sub><\/strong> = \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c0d8737d\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-543356ff\">\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6f5a19e9\">\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3bdc77d6\">\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d0\u10d1\u10e1\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8e32bb0c\">pH-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5f377b10\">pH-\u10db\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-43b25a34\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 A \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 B \u2014 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c85dcbc3\">\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pH \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pH \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pH \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-29fef35b\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-21fd08f6\">\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d0\u10d8\u10eb\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e1, \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4, \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 pH, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-68d26207\">\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e2c2357d\"><strong>\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u2192 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0e64967b\">\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-945b47d4\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10e0\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d294234c\">\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2bdba59c\">FSX Chemical-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10e1: \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2742c0c7\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b43cf712\">\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4a267a33\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6df700ad\">\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e6201ae9\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b6c85318\">\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u09a4\u09c1\u09b2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd \u10e8\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fbca7db3\">\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-2b5c93e4\">\u10db\u10d4-2 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4: \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d4473f36\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10ec\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4, \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-224503a8\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10dc\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e7ce3176\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e6\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd, \u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d0\u10da-\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7ac4331d\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ad6b1b25\">\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e95882e2\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db NaCl-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea \u10e3\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f103fbff\">\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fca0023f\">\u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-68d5bafa\">\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-df13fdb1\">\u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ef6eb9bf\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10e8\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d4f847f0\">\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9a0939a2\"><strong>1% NaCl \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u2260 1% CaCl<sub>2<\/sub> \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aa4d98bf\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10d6\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-efde47bd\">\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \/ \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-07985c19\">\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-adca2503\">\u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e044b2a7\">\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d5d6d2c9\">\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3217508c\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d5 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-49d75be2\">\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 3: \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2-\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f25286ac\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-23e9d3bb\">\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b2e24aaf\"><strong>\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 + \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 + \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 + \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 + \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 + \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e3a74085\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bc21b689\">\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e5\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10e5\u10d8 \/ \u10e1\u10d4\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8f7269ac\">\u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 NaCl-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc HASE \u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-58f58a62\">\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-ae1f43c5\">\u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8 \/ \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-439eb5b6\">\u10d1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f3c58454\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pH-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fa9fe144\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd \u10d1\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d4\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-08f9bffa\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-46e19fcf\"><strong>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 + \u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d05fcc5b\">\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8bc6b602\"><strong>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 + \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5bdfb524\">\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-47fe482f\">\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c74a8abf\">\u10db\u10e3\u10e5\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e6\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2565ec3f\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10e1\u10e3\u10d1\u10e3\u10e5\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10dc\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10db\u10e3\u10e5\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b6f0e6bb\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3a4124ce\">\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-eb56a358\">\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4c0e2c26\">\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10ee\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7e918876\">\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 NaCl-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5ba154c0\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a180b1d5\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d34a2164\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3ca30f53\">\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10ea\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e3\u10da, \u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10e8\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-40313808\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f35b0bfb\">\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6745e55b\">\u10f0\u10dd\u10da\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2-\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4a3722e4\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 \u10db\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7c5ae8d0\">\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6ab8903b\">\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-39e3749a\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d6edf495\">\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u2014 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea 10 \u10ec\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8bf025bb\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-70529b9e\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10d4\u10e9\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bfb78f47\">HASE \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aceac112\">\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-15e8082a\"><strong>\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u2260 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f9c936f1\">\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \/ \u10d2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0641a4ad\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d0\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-28e98611\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2608b6af\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-58eeff9b\">\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10eb\u10d0\u10e4\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e8734f5a\">\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a5b96639\">\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e060fefe\">\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10e9\u10d8\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8, \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 pH \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 pH \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d6\u10d4.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \/ Ca\/Mg, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\/\u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\/\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-55638836\">\u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-844199bc\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d6\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8<\/th><th>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10ed\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4<\/th><th>\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/th><th>\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/th><th>\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/th><th>Complete-Paste \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>A<\/td><td>\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4<\/td><td>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \/ \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \/ \u10e9\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>B<\/td><td>\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4<\/td><td>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \/ \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \/ \u10e9\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C<\/td><td>\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4<\/td><td>\u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \/ \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \/ \u10e9\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b5afd6b1\">\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b0b9b4e9\">\u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a0621546\">\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9147ee2d\">\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b8ff97b7\"><strong>\u201c\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 80% \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e5\u10d4.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-edefb4b5\">\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u2014 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bb8880b7\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a221f0eb\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10ea\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1a9dee29\">\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10ea\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bc8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b1deda4a\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c9644786\">\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee, \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d71ef949\">\u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e4\u10e0\u10e2\u10dd \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 pH \/ \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-056223ee\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-dfc70a9d\">\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8d854f4e\">\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4, \u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, pH \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6b1ef77c\">\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3502c90b\">\u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9d975422\">\u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \/ \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \/ \u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \/ \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \/ \u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e8\u10d4\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10db\u10e8\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \/ \u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10da\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e5\u10e1\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8389aefb\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d7 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e2239a91\">\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-cbd18d5c\">1. \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-551022d1\">\u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e965cfde\">2. \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3497cfd7\">\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-c2d597f6\">3. \u201c2% \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u201d \u2014 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9b8bfef5\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-98589bb0\">4. NaCl-\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 CaCl-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<sub>2<\/sub> \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-126753e8\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-34aff714\">5. pH-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e4e9c0c8\">\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7 \u10ea\u10e3\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e9\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-2495e630\">6. \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10db\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-158cb10e\">\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-74e202b7\">7. \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b7530622\">\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-899caebb\">8. \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cacd4cf3\">\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db, \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10db\u10d0, \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-42d26112\">\u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e4\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8<\/th><th>\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/th><th>\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u10ec\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2.<\/td><td>pH, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0, \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0<\/td><td>\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NaCl-\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0.<\/td><td>\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\/\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8, \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10de\u10d8\u10d2\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8<\/td><td>NaCl \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10db-\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10db-\u10e5\u10da\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0.<\/td><td>\u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/td><td>All electrolytes are equivalent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fresh retention is good but held viscosity falls<\/td><td>Holding chemistry, pH, temperature<\/td><td>Immediate retention proves production stability<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Viscosity retained but screen release worsens<\/td><td>Elasticity, recovery, stringing<\/td><td>Retention percentage defines printability<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>One binder causes much larger loss<\/td><td>Binder electrolytes \/ surfactants \/ association<\/td><td>The thickener alone is salt-sensitive<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Diluted fixer is more stable than concentrated fixer addition<\/td><td>Local ionic \/ charge shock<\/td><td>Final dosage is the only relevant variable<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Two labs report different salt tolerance<\/td><td>Salt basis, pH, temperature, spindle, mixing<\/td><td>The products are necessarily inconsistent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-c7b83cce\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ff519237\">Electrolyte tolerance affects cost through:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Formula correction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Water-treatment demand<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Machine stability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rework<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quality loss<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-94f73530\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9babf756\"><strong>Total Cost in Use = Thickener + Water \/ Formula Control + Correction Additions + Machine Efficiency + Rework + Quality Loss<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-75d2e228\">A higher-priced synthetic thickener can be more economical if it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Retains viscosity at lower dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Handles the real binder\/pigment ionic load better<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduces correction additions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improves long-run consistency<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-81ce720b\">Compare the validated production cost, not only water viscosity or price per kilogram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-96db62fc\">\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-46f61cce\">For useful electrolyte-tolerance matching, provide:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Current synthetic thickener \/ TDS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Activation method and pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Viscosity and complete test method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current electrolyte-tolerance test method if any<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pigment product and dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Binder grade and dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fixer \/ ionic auxiliaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Water hardness \/ conductivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flat or rotary screen<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Observed failure: viscosity loss, drift, floc, screen instability or cost<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9e65ca22\">FSX Chemical-\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/%e1%83%9b%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9b%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%ae%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a0%e1%83%94%e1%83%91%e1%83%90\/%e1%83%a8%e1%83%94%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%91%e1%83%90%e1%83%9b%e1%83%98%e1%83%a1%e1%83%98-%e1%83%9c%e1%83%98%e1%83%9b%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a8%e1%83%94%e1%83%91%e1%83%98\/\">\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/a> to structure a controlled candidate comparison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-849bf09b\">\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/product\/synthetic-printing\/\">Synthetic Printing Thickeners<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/%e1%83%91%e1%83%9a%e1%83%9d%e1%83%92%e1%83%98\/textile-printing-thickener-testing-parameters\/\">Textile Printing Thickener Testing Parameters<\/a> \u10d3\u10d0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/uz\/blog\/why-synthetic-printing-thickener-loses-viscosity-pigment-binder-electrolytes\/\">Why Synthetic Printing Thickener Loses Viscosity After Pigment, Binder or Electrolytes<\/a> for related selection logic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3a5bc25c\">How Should a Mill Define Electrolyte Tolerance for Synthetic Thickener?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-44b8807e\">\u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d0\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-90cc722c\"><strong>Correctly Activate the Grade \u2192 Standardize Water \/ pH \/ Temperature \u2192 Build Reference-Salt Ladder \u2192 Calculate Viscosity Retention \u2192 Challenge Relevant Ca\/Mg or Process Water \u2192 Test Complete Pigment\/Binder\/Fixer Paste \u2192 Hold \u2192 Screen Print \u2192 Define Production-Based Acceptance Limits<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-478e7912\">\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Electrolyte tolerance is a defined test result, not a generic product claim.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Water viscosity and salt tolerance are separate thickener properties.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NaCl is useful for controlled screening, but it does not reproduce every process electrolyte.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Divalent ions such as calcium and magnesium should be challenged separately when hard water matters.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>pH, temperature, salt basis, mixing and equilibration must be standardized before candidates are compared.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The commercially useful grade is the one that remains inside the complete-paste rheology and printing window at the lowest practical Total Cost in Use.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b24dd271\">\u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-800a9f08\">1. What is electrolyte tolerance in a synthetic thickener?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8b8d0e59\">It is the ability of the thickener to maintain useful viscosity and rheology when dissolved ions or ionic formulation components are present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-23d7684c\">2. How do I calculate viscosity retention?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-31dd8cf8\">Divide the viscosity after the defined electrolyte challenge by the initial viscosity and multiply by 100. Use the same temperature and test method for both readings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-eabe7648\">3. Is sodium chloride a good salt for electrolyte-tolerance testing?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e37372de\">It is useful as a reproducible monovalent reference salt, but it does not replace testing with hard-water ions, binder, pigment or fixer when those are the real production stresses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-bb3ff948\">4. What salt concentration should I use?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7a5d545d\">There is no universal concentration. Build a ladder around the actual process range or a technically justified stress range and clearly define the concentration basis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a06e81c2\">5. Is HASE always more electrolyte-tolerant than ASE?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e6a88186\">No. HASE adds associative thickening, but salt response depends on hydrophobe architecture, pH, surfactants, binder and shear conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-e497a7e5\">6. Why can calcium or magnesium be more problematic than sodium?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c0b10ed7\">Ca\u00b2\u207a and Mg\u00b2\u207a are divalent ions and can affect anionic polymers, dispersants and colloidal stability differently from monovalent sodium ions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5ef0b068\">7. Should NaCl and CaCl2 be compared at the same weight percentage?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5f946d48\">Not for a rigorous scientific comparison. They differ in molecular weight, ion valence and ionic strength. Factory tests should instead reproduce the actual process exposure or use a clearly defined comparison basis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-77b56779\">8. Why does the thickener pass the salt test but fail after binder is added?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5fde9fd1\">Binder adds water, surfactants, electrolytes and polymer particles, and HASE-type thickeners can also interact associatively with the binder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-860c9ad8\">9. Should electrolyte tolerance be measured immediately or after holding?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-937b44e9\">Both. Immediate retention shows the first response, while holding-time retention reveals delayed instability that can matter during production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-29148fa9\">10. Can I use electrolyte tolerance for incoming QC?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e68940c0\">Yes, after the grade and method are validated. Use one standardized challenge and compare new batches with an approved reference, together with other agreed QC checks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-1a0cddef\">11. What is a good viscosity-retention percentage?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d9fd5cef\">There is no universal percentage. The acceptance limit should come from successful production data and the minimum rheology needed for the actual printing process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b01b998c\">12. What should I send FSX Chemical for electrolyte-tolerance matching?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9dafd692\">Send the current thickener\/TDS, dosage, activation pH, viscosity method, pigment, binder, fixer, water hardness\/conductivity, holding time and any current salt-test data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-03014605\">Compare Synthetic Thickeners Under the Electrolyte Conditions That Matter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-86c20634\">If a synthetic thickener builds strong viscosity in water but becomes unstable after pigment, binder, fixer or hard process water is added, FSX Chemical can help structure a controlled electrolyte-tolerance comparison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b047da32\">For a useful technical review, send:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Your current synthetic thickener sample, TDS or COA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thickener dosage and activation method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd pH<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Complete viscosity test method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current salt-tolerance method if available<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pigment and binder products \/ dosages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fixer \/ ionic auxiliaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Water hardness \/ conductivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current viscosity-retention or production-stability problem<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c8c5b7f9\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/%e1%83%9b%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9b%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%ae%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a0%e1%83%94%e1%83%91%e1%83%90\/%e1%83%a8%e1%83%94%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%91%e1%83%90%e1%83%9b%e1%83%98%e1%83%a1%e1%83%98-%e1%83%9c%e1%83%98%e1%83%9b%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a8%e1%83%94%e1%83%91%e1%83%98\/\">\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/a> for a controlled current-vs-candidate evaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6bf8cdb6\">\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/product\/synthetic-printing\/\">Synthetic Printing Thickeners<\/a> for the current FSX textile-printing thickener range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1459c221\">You can also <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/%e1%83%9b%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9b%e1%83%a1%e1%83%90%e1%83%ae%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a0%e1%83%94%e1%83%91%e1%83%90\/request-a-quote\/\">\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e4\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8<\/a> after the suitable grade and electrolyte-tolerance working window are confirmed or <a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/%e1%83%93%e1%83%90%e1%83%92%e1%83%95%e1%83%98%e1%83%99%e1%83%90%e1%83%95%e1%83%a8%e1%83%98%e1%83%a0%e1%83%93%e1%83%98%e1%83%97\/\"><strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7 FSX \u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10e1<\/strong><\/a> for technical discussion\ud83d\udce7\u00a0<strong>\u10d4\u10da\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0<a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/%e1%83%93%e1%83%90%e1%83%92%e1%83%95%e1%83%98%e1%83%99%e1%83%90%e1%83%95%e1%83%a8%e1%83%98%e1%83%a0%e1%83%93%e1%83%98%e1%83%97\/\">: Service@fsxchemical.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4cab2d70\"><strong>A meaningful electrolyte-tolerance number is never just \u201chow much salt the thickener can take.\u201d It is the viscosity and rheology retained under a clearly defined salt, concentration basis, pH, temperature, mixing and holding method\u2014and finally the performance retained in the complete production paste.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Electrolyte tolerance should be measured as viscosity and rheology retention under a clearly defined ionic challenge. A reliable qualification uses reference-salt screening, process-water\/Ca\/Mg challenges and final verification in the complete pigment-printing paste.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"How to Measure Electrolyte Tolerance of a Synthetic Thickener for Pigment Printing","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn how to test synthetic thickener electrolyte tolerance using salt ladders, viscosity retention, Ca\/Mg challenges and complete pigment-paste validation.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1528,1580,1550,1129,1582,1478,1288,1581],"class_list":["post-11460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-guides","tag-acrylic-thickener","tag-electrolyte-tolerance","tag-hase","tag-pigment-printing","tag-qc","tag-salt-tolerance","tag-synthetic-thickener","tag-viscosity-retention"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11460"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11460\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11464,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11460\/revisions\/11464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}