{"id":10223,"date":"2026-08-01T08:42:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T08:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/?p=10223"},"modified":"2026-10-25T01:54:16","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T01:54:16","slug":"cmc-cms-sodium-alginate-digital-printing-paste-comparison","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/uk\/blog\/cmc-cms-sodium-alginate-digital-printing-paste-comparison\/","title":{"rendered":"CMC, CMS, \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443: \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-298b1e9a\">Technical guide: textile printing thickener and fabric pretreatment selection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-530a5ea4\">CMC, CMS, sodium alginate and digital printing paste are not four interchangeable versions of the same textile chemical. CMC, CMS and sodium alginate are polymer-based thickener routes used to control viscosity and printing-paste behavior. Digital printing paste is a process-specific pretreatment or paste system selected according to reactive, disperse or pigment inkjet printing. The correct route depends on the dye or ink system, fabric, printing method, viscosity test conditions, paste preparation, fixation process and final print result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-86e32b82\">Important Comparison Boundary<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-41178cd7\"><strong>Digital printing paste is not simply a fourth raw-material polymer.<\/strong> It is a functional product route designed around textile inkjet pretreatment and printing conditions. It should be compared with CMC, CMS and sodium alginate at the <em>process-selection level<\/em>, but its dosage, test method and performance data should not be compared directly with conventional screen-printing thickener specifications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-12cfbc0e\">Four Product Routes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-bd676b5e\">Quick Comparison for Textile Printing Buyers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d7213f1b\">Use this table to identify a reasonable starting route. It is not a substitute for a matched laboratory test or production trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/th><th>CMC<\/th><th>CMS<\/th><th>\u0410\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044e<\/th><th>\u041f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th>What it is<\/th><td>Cellulose-derived, water-soluble rheology modifier<\/td><td>Commercial synthetic printing-thickener family; confirm grade identity<\/td><td>Seaweed-derived polysaccharide thickener<\/td><td>Inkjet pretreatment or functional paste formulation<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Typical starting route<\/th><td>Selected textile paste, specialty printing and viscosity-control systems<\/td><td>Reactive, disperse, vat, discharge and selected specialty routes, depending on grade<\/td><td>Conventional reactive printing on cellulosic fabrics<\/td><td>Reactive, disperse or pigment digital textile printing<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Main selection factors<\/th><td>Viscosity, DS, purity, solution stability and formulation compatibility<\/td><td>Printing process, paste preparation, viscosity, screen behavior and wash-off<\/td><td>Viscosity route, stock-paste concentration, flow, color yield and wash-off<\/td><td>Ink system, fabric, product form, dosage, pretreatment and fixation route<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>FSX Chemical routes<\/th><td>Textile-use CMC grade confirmed against current TDS<\/td><td>Process-specific FSX CMS grade; confirm current TDS<\/td><td><strong>\u0412\u041d \/ \u0421\u041d \/ \u041d\u041d<\/strong> Different paste-body and flow directions<\/td><td>DG-20 reactive pretreatment; other routes require current grade confirmation<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Main caution<\/th><td>Do not assume direct alginate replacement from viscosity alone<\/td><td>Different CMS grades are not interchangeable across all processes<\/td><td>HV, MV and LV are selection routes, not quality rankings<\/td><td>Screen-printing and digital-printing data cannot be compared directly<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Trial requirement<\/th><td>Laboratory and production validation<\/td><td>Laboratory and production validation<\/td><td>Recipe and print-trial validation<\/td><td>Ink, fabric and pretreatment validation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2e03ee37\">FSX model names are internal product codes rather than universal industry grade names. Confirm the applicable TDS and trial conditions before comparing products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-22dd6a40\">Practical Selection<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-080e12e3\">When Should Each Route Be Considered?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3b78065c\">The product should be selected by the printing process first, followed by test method, paste behavior and final fabric result. 01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-35ccf601\">CMC<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-da3b5f55\">CMC is considered when a formulation requires cellulose-based viscosity control, water retention, paste stability or a selected specialty printing route.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Check viscosity and test concentration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm degree of substitution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Review purity and solution stability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Validate dye and auxiliary compatibility<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bc6348b1\"><a href=\"\/uk\/product\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b1%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bb%d1%86%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8e%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b7%d0%b0-cmc\/\">Review FSX CMC grades<\/a> 02<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d4718eab\">CMS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-28a7ad7e\">CMS is selected by printing process rather than by the general product name alone. Reactive, disperse and specialty routes require different grade behavior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CN-R for reactive printing evaluation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A documented grade for disperse printing evaluation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A documented specialty grade for the specified process<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm paste preparation and post-treatment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-98fd42ea\"><a href=\"\/uk\/product\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b1%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d1%85%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c-cms\/\">Review FSX CMS grades<\/a> 03<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0bf6e102\">\u0410\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-aa4b3f4e\">Sodium alginate is commonly used as a benchmark thickener for reactive printing on cotton, viscose and other suitable cellulosic fabrics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Compare HV, MV and LV by actual paste requirement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check stock-paste concentration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assess color yield and edge definition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm wash-off and fabric handle<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-9650bd7a\"><a href=\"\/uk\/product\/%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b3%d1%96%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%82-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%80%d1%96%d1%8e\/\">Review sodium alginate grades<\/a> 04<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-26728371\">\u041f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2b8f35e2\">Digital printing paste is selected according to the inkjet process, fabric and pretreatment route. Reactive, disperse and pigment inks require different product directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>DG-20 for reactive inkjet evaluation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Direct-Disperse Pretreatment for disperse inkjet evaluation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pigment Pretreatment for pigment inkjet evaluation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm dosage, fixation, fastness and hand feel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a01006ec\"><a href=\"\/uk\/product\/%d0%bf%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%84%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d0%b4%d1%80%d1%83%d0%ba%d1%83\/\">Review digital printing paste<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2bc05bfb\">Process Matrix<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-6dfc7938\">Selection by Printing Process<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c912b200\">A thickener proven in one dye, ink or machine route should not automatically be transferred to another process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443<\/th><th>Suggested Starting Route<\/th><th>Important Evaluation Points<\/th><th>\u041d\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th>\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a<\/th><td>Sodium alginate as a benchmark; CN-R CMS may be evaluated as another route<\/td><td>Dye compatibility, color yield, edge definition, wash-off and handle<\/td><td>That equal viscosity means equal reactive-printing performance<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Disperse screen printing<\/th><td>A documented process-specific disperse thickener route<\/td><td>Dispersion, paste stability, screen running, fixation and definition<\/td><td>That a reactive-printing grade will work on polyester<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Vat, discharge or burn-out printing<\/th><td>A separately validated specialty thickener route<\/td><td>Paste preparation, discharge chemistry, screen behavior and post-treatment<\/td><td>That a general-purpose thickener is suitable for specialty chemistry<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Reactive digital printing<\/th><td>DG-20<\/td><td>Fabric pretreatment, ink compatibility, bleeding, definition, fixation and wash-off<\/td><td>That a screen-printing paste can be used as inkjet pretreatment<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Disperse digital printing<\/th><td>Direct-Disperse Pretreatment<\/td><td>Polyester route, dosage, dispersion, filtration, drying and fixation<\/td><td>That a reactive digital paste is suitable for disperse ink<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Pigment digital printing<\/th><td>Pigment Pretreatment<\/td><td>Binder compatibility, curing, rubbing fastness, sharpness and fabric handle<\/td><td>That pigment and dye ink systems use the same chemistry<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-80375af5\">\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7676010b\">Why Sodium Alginate Is Commonly Used as the Benchmark<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" src=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display.webp\" alt=\"Sodium alginate textile printing thickener sample with solution and fabric evaluation\" class=\"wp-image-9542\" style=\"width:1095px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display.webp 1448w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-sodium-alginate-website-product-display-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1448px) 100vw, 1448px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-57e35182\">Sodium alginate is widely used in reactive printing because its structure generally has limited reaction with reactive dyes compared with many carbohydrate thickeners. This can support useful color yield, wash-off and fabric-handle performance when the complete recipe and process are properly controlled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-91160933\">This does not mean that every sodium alginate grade produces the same result. Molecular structure, concentration, hydration, paste preparation, water quality, dye system and machine conditions all influence final performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d0c21867\">HV, MV and LV Are Selection Routes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-28c6634b\">These labels describe different viscosity and paste-body directions. A higher-viscosity grade is not automatically a higher-quality product, and a lower-viscosity route is not automatically inferior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8ca1bb1a\">Trial the Complete Printing Recipe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-00be4577\">Compare paste preparation, screen release, pattern sharpness, color result, penetration, fixation, wash-off and fabric handle under the buyer\u2019s real production conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-1691e4e1\">Commercial Thickener Family<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0abddaa4\">When CMS May Be Evaluated<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" src=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated.webp\" alt=\"FSX CMS thickener sample for textile printing evaluation\" class=\"wp-image-9720\" style=\"width:1104px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated.webp 1448w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cms-disperse-printing-polyester-lab-factory-application-updated-150x113.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1448px) 100vw, 1448px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fc9104a8\">FSX CMS is a commercial synthetic printing-thickener product family used in application-specific evaluations, including alternatives to alginate. The CMS label on this site should not be taken as proof of carboxymethyl starch composition. Confirm the exact grade, product identity and intended printing route in the current TDS before trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5656b4e0\">CN-R<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-40837482\">A starting CMS route for reactive textile printing evaluation. Compare viscosity using the same method, then evaluate paste behavior, print definition, color result, wash-off and batch consistency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-9625bf1a\">Disperse Printing Grade Selection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-039c6598\">For disperse screen printing, request a grade explicitly documented for the polyester process. Do not infer suitability or chemistry from an internal code alone. Evaluate preparation, screen running, stability, fixation and finished-fabric performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-d566766a\">Specialty Process Grade Selection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8121f572\">For vat, discharge or burn-out applications, require grade-specific compatibility guidance and an authorized process trial. Do not infer suitability for these chemically different routes from a general CMS label or from a reactive-printing result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-8e818fe8\">Replacement Must Be Proven<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-a3faba2a\">CMS may provide a useful alternative or blended route in selected recipes, but it should not be presented as a universal one-to-one replacement for sodium alginate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-99c9db57\">Cellulose Ether Route<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f3921bd9\">When CMC May Be Evaluated<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1086\" src=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1.webp\" alt=\"Carboxymethyl Cellulose CMC sample with TDS COA and viscosity test record for textile printing evaluation\" class=\"wp-image-9642\" style=\"width:1110px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1.webp 1448w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1-1200x900.webp 1200w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-cmc-product-display-textile-printing-paste-tds-coa-4x3-1-150x113.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1448px) 100vw, 1448px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-eaa391db\">Carboxymethyl cellulose is a water-soluble cellulose derivative used as a rheology modifier, stabilizer, binder and water-retention agent in many industrial formulations. Textile suitability depends on the specific CMC grade, degree of substitution, viscosity, purity, hydration and interaction with the complete printing recipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-49d21366\">A CMC grade intended for a specialty printing route is not automatically suitable for conventional reactive printing. Require evidence for the specific dye, auxiliaries and final fabric requirements before substitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Confirm CMC degree of substitution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Confirm reference viscosity and concentration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check solution clarity and hydration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Review paste stability over production time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Test compatibility with dyes and auxiliaries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evaluate wash-off and printed fabric handle<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-26409185\"><strong>CMC has wider industrial use beyond textile printing.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4298765b\">For this comparison, evaluate textile-use CMC against the actual printing specification. A grade documented for another industrial application is not automatically approved for textile printing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4d81939e\">Textile Inkjet Route<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3b2ecafd\">Why Digital Printing Paste Requires a Separate Decision<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1.webp\" alt=\"Digital printing paste DG-20 Direct-Disperse Pretreatment and Pigment Pretreatment route selection test for textile printing\" class=\"wp-image-9846\" style=\"width:1081px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1.webp 1200w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-digital-printing-paste-route-selection-transparent-viscous-solution-1200x900-1-150x113.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6aab631d\">In digital textile printing, the functional chemicals are commonly applied through a fabric pretreatment route rather than simply mixed into the ink in the same way as a conventional screen-printing color paste. Pretreatment affects ink spreading, edge definition, color development, penetration and fixation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ce111a0c\">The first selection question is therefore not \u201chigh viscosity or low viscosity?\u201d It is: <strong>Which ink system and fabric process are being used?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-df69bd65\">DG-20 \u00b7 Reactive Inkjet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ad102149\">Evaluate on cotton, viscose, lyocell, modal, silk or other suitable fibre systems. Confirm pretreatment, paste stability, print definition, color result, fixation and wash-off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-84c23b80\">Direct-Disperse Pretreatment \u00b7 Disperse Inkjet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4acaab51\">Evaluate on polyester and suitable blends. Confirm dosage, dispersion, filtration, drying, fixation and compatibility with the complete disperse-printing process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7435dd5a\">Pigment Pretreatment \u00b7 Pigment Inkjet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-56ee2f5d\">Evaluate pigment-ink and binder compatibility, curing, rubbing fastness, edge sharpness, color performance and final fabric hand feel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-df8072e4\">Powder and Liquid Data Differ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-2462ecd7\">Product form, dosage and reference test data may differ between digital routes. Do not compare a powder viscosity value directly with the dosage or process indicators of a liquid paste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-5aa8d66b\">\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-2c0bde33\">Why Viscosity Numbers Cannot Be Compared Alone<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-cbe7d607\">Printing performance is related to rheology and shear behavior, not only one static viscosity value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0423\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/th><th>Why It Matters<\/th><th>Buyer Check<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f<\/th><td>A 1% result cannot be directly compared with a 2%, 5% or 8% result.<\/td><td>Confirm solution concentration by weight.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>\u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/th><td>Polymer solution viscosity changes with test temperature.<\/td><td>Confirm whether the result is measured at 25\u00b0C or another condition.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>\u0406\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/th><td>Brookfield, NDJ and other instruments may not give directly equivalent values.<\/td><td>Record the instrument model.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Spindle and RPM<\/th><td>Shear-sensitive materials can show different readings at different spindle and speed settings.<\/td><td>Confirm spindle number and rotational speed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/th><td>Mixing, hydration, resting time and water quality affect the test solution.<\/td><td>Use the same preparation method for both samples.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Product form<\/th><td>Powder, liquid and flake products may use different control indicators.<\/td><td>Do not force all product routes into one viscosity comparison.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e9a1ba5b\"><strong>Example of a valid comparison<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b1629582\">Compare the current product and candidate sample at the same concentration, temperature, instrument, spindle, RPM, hydration time and water condition. Then continue to an application trial. Matching laboratory viscosity alone does not confirm identical printing performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-77d0d2b1\">Cost and Performance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0d5bb786\">Compare Total Production Cost, Not Only Price per Kilogram<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6e32f1a9\">A lower product quotation does not automatically create a lower printing cost. Buyers should compare the cost required to produce an acceptable and repeatable metre of printed fabric.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Actual thickener or paste dosage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Color yield and dye or ink consumption<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Edge definition and rejected fabric rate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wash-off water, energy and processing time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fabric handle and residue<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paste stability during production<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Machine interruption and cleaning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Batch-to-batch recipe adjustment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bc82bfb4\"><strong>More useful purchasing measure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-299a1020\">Compare the total thickener or pretreatment cost per accepted metre of printed fabric\u2014not only the supplier price per kilogram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c3bd5e33\">Decision Workflow<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0f1353f1\">Six Steps for Selecting a Textile Printing Thickener Route<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-08df2298\">STEP 01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-1b441a11\">Identify the Process<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-43bdc62f\">Confirm screen or digital printing, followed by reactive, disperse, pigment, vat, discharge or another process. STEP 02<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-f16c55f8\">Confirm the Fabric<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-40249c89\">Record cotton, viscose, polyester, silk, wool or blend composition and relevant pretreatment conditions. STEP 03<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-4f0268ee\">Review Current Data<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-c76dc658\">Collect the current TDS, COA, product name, dosage, viscosity method and production recipe. STEP 04<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0a4d5bad\">Match the Test Method<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fbc64ce6\">Compare samples using the same concentration, temperature, instrument, spindle, RPM and preparation method. STEP 05<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-a3f8a782\">Run the Print Trial<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e21e62e7\">Evaluate definition, penetration, color, bleeding, wash-off, fastness, handle and paste stability. STEP 06<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-b360566e\">Confirm Bulk Supply<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b789262b\">Confirm grade, specification, packing, batch documents, lead time and commercial conditions after trial approval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fe930196\">Buyer Information<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-044b02ac\">What to Send for Grade or Route Matching<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-eba3ee04\">Complete application information produces a more useful initial recommendation than a request based only on the chemical name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dye or ink system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Screen or digital printing method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current product or supplier grade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current TDS or COA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Target viscosity and test method<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Current dosage or preparation ratio<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Main production problem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Required print-performance result<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monthly or annual demand<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Packing and destination country<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Required TDS, SDS and batch COA<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-8166a993\">FSX Chemical Support<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-7bd6b09e\">Sample Matching Before Bulk Purchase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1.webp\" alt=\"FSX: \u0423\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0445\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0445\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456\" class=\"wp-image-8582\" style=\"width:897px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1.webp 1200w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1-150x113.webp 150w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1-1000x750.webp 1000w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/fsx-chemical-sample-packing-dispatch-preparation-1200x900-1-768x576.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0419e70f\">Route A \u00b7 Request an FSX Sample<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-622915d4\">Send the fabric, dye or ink system, printing method, target viscosity, test conditions and expected demand. FSX Chemical can review a suitable CMC, CMS, sodium alginate or digital printing paste starting route.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-5822d3cd\">Route B \u00b7 Compare a Current Product<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-31d5f8d6\">Send the current sample, TDS, COA or product information together with the production conditions. Available indicators can be reviewed before a controlled comparison trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-6844885b\"><strong>Production validation remains necessary.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-d3a6cf2d\">A matched laboratory value or small sample does not guarantee full production performance. Final suitability should be confirmed under the buyer\u2019s own recipe, machinery, fabric and operating conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-b976bf5c\">\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0446\u0456\u0432<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-3325b986\">\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-ace4897d\">Are CMC, CMS, sodium alginate and digital printing paste interchangeable?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-fadcac51\">No. CMC, CMS and sodium alginate are polymer-based thickener routes with different chemical structures and application behavior. Digital printing paste is a process-specific pretreatment or paste system. Selection must be based on the printing process and validated through trials. Which route is usually considered first for reactive screen printing?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-015f6098\">Sodium alginate is commonly used as the benchmark for conventional reactive printing on cotton, viscose and other suitable cellulosic fabrics. A suitable CMS route may also be evaluated, but it should be tested against the intended recipe and performance target. Can CMS replace sodium alginate?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-7a3b7a07\">Not in every formulation. A suitable CMS grade may provide a partial, blended or full alternative in selected processes, but color yield, definition, wash-off, dosage and fabric handle must be compared under controlled conditions. Can CMC directly replace sodium alginate in reactive printing?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-4696965e\">It should not be assumed. The result depends on the CMC grade, degree of substitution, purity, dye chemistry and complete printing formulation. Laboratory and production trials are required before replacement. Can conventional screen-printing thickener be used for digital textile printing?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-f2883734\">Not automatically. Digital printing relies on a different inkjet workflow and fabric pretreatment system. The product must be selected according to reactive, disperse or pigment ink, fabric, dosage, drying and fixation conditions. Can viscosity values from different TDS documents be compared directly?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-e14fd9f0\">Only when concentration, temperature, instrument, spindle, RPM, preparation method and units are consistent. Otherwise, similar numbers may describe very different products or test conditions. What information does FSX Chemical need for sample matching?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-bbe8bfba\">Provide the printing method, dye or ink system, fabric, current product, target viscosity, test method, dosage, production issue, expected demand and available TDS, COA or sample information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-0bee094f\">About This Technical Guide<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-00ee63e5\">This guide is intended for textile printing mills, paste formulators, distributors and procurement teams. Confirm grade-specific recommendations against the current TDS and the intended process trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-935a3e21\">FSX Chemical<br>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0456\u044f \u00ab\u0424\u043e\u0448\u0430\u043d\u044c \u0424\u0443\u0448\u0456\u0441\u0456\u043d \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0424\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u00bb, \u0422\u041e\u0412.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-988818ce\">Technical References<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Technical Background Sources<\/h2><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/4\/y4765e\/y4765e08.htm\">FAO: alginate production and applications<\/a> provides background on alginate use in reactive textile printing. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookfieldengineering.com\/-\/media\/ametekbrookfield\/tech-sheets\/more-solutions-2017.pdf\">AMETEK Brookfield: More Solutions to Sticky Problems<\/a> explains the dependence of apparent viscosity on measurement conditions. These sources do not validate a particular FSX grade or customer formulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-wd-title title wd-909fee35\">Compare the Right Route Before Bulk Purchase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-3263205c\">Send your current sample or TDS together with the printing process, fabric, dye or ink system, target viscosity and trial requirements. FSX Chemical can review a suitable CMC, CMS, sodium alginate or digital printing paste starting route for controlled evaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-wd-paragraph wd-455a69ea\"><a href=\"\/uk\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%81%d0%bb%d1%83%d0%b3%d0%b0\/%d0%b7%d0%b1%d1%96%d0%b3-%d0%b7%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b7%d0%ba%d1%96%d0%b2\/\">\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u043e\u043c <\/a><a href=\"\/uk\/%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%81%d0%bb%d1%83%d0%b3%d0%b0\/request-a-quote\/\">\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u044e<\/a>\ud83d\udce7&nbsp;<strong>\u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0430<a href=\"https:\/\/fsxchemical.com\/uk\/%d0%b7%d0%b2%d1%8f%d0%b6%d1%96%d1%82%d1%8c%d1%81%d1%8f-%d0%b7-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b8\/\">: Service@fsxchemical.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<h2>A Three-Gate Shortlist Before a Trial<\/h2><ol><li><strong>Identity:<\/strong> confirm the current product code, chemistry or commercial-family description, product form and TDS revision. Do not use an abbreviation as a composition certificate.<\/li><li><strong>Process fit:<\/strong> identify dye or ink, fabric, equipment and the exact addition point. Keep fabric pretreatment separate from printhead ink.<\/li><li><strong>Acceptance:<\/strong> compare complete-paste stability, application behavior and final fabric quality at a recorded cost per accepted output. A matching viscosity number only passes one screening check.<\/li><\/ol><p>Begin a matching request with the current TDS, printing route and main production issue. Share detailed recipes only where authorized and needed for evaluation.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 CMC, CMS, \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0456. \u0414\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044f, \u044f\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0456\u0437 \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445, \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0445, \u043f\u0456\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043d\u0430 \u0449\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0446\u044f\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0456\u0432\u043b\u0435\u044e.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9437,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"CMC, CMS or Alginate? 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